Marketing Master Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Marketing Master - Case Study Example Price competition, backed by improved efficiency, is the main feature of this industry today (Chrisman et al 2003). Mission: the mission of Kitchen Made Pies is to produce and market high-quality fresh and frozen pies to institutional customers and restaurants. The original mission had made it clear that it was in the relatively unexploited sector that Kitchen Made Pies saw its clearest opportunity for innovation. Kitchen Made Pies set out to create a range of high-quality products that were distinctive in type, and especially appealing to people who had acquired a taste for pies. A wholesome, appetizing and, at same time, slightly exotic taste experience is what Kitchen Made Pies wanted to offer (Chrisman et al 2003). Goals: the main goal of the company is to get and keep a customer. Also, Kitchen Made Pies is aimed to achieve competitive advantage and sustainable competitive creating value for their customers, select markets where they can excel and present a moving target to their competitors by continually improving their position. Three of the most important factors are innovation, quality and inventory reduction. In order to improve logistics, the company is aimed to concentrate on doing business with drop-shippers which allow to involve larger orders. A continuum of resource sustainability is to compose resources and capabilities characterized by their durability and imitability. Financial goal is to increase sales and liquidity of business (Chrisman et al 2003; Paley, 2006). Marketing Policies Marketing policies Be in one of the most highly rated industries for stability and success, Kitchen Made Pies offers a high quality pies to everyone who wants an excellent taste. It is advantage is that Kitchen Made Pies can meet the requirement of wide audience marketing fresh and frozen pies. The high quality ingredients are the main criterion for Kitchen Made Pies. It does not want to reduce costs of production as it can worsen quality of their products. Recent years, sales of the company have failed (Paley, 2006). According the present day situation: "the current product mix, sales of approximately $35,000 per week which is $1,829,000 per year" (Chrisman et al 2003, p. 45). PR personnel also play a key role in responding to unflattering media reports or controversies that arise because of company activities in different parts of country. The basic tools of public relations include news releases, newsletters, media kits, press conferences, tours of plants and other company facilit ies. Financial Policies Financial policies Financial situation of the company suggest that it needs additional costs to cover all the expenses. According to Financial data, the net profit sales is "- 10,91%", total assets is " - 44,9%" and equity is "- 65,4%" (Chrisman et al 2003, p. 45). In general, these are very low figures for the company like Kitchen Made Pies. The other problem is that the bank note is due, and Kitchen Made Pies has to pay it. Refinancing the loan is the major concern of the company. Another negative situation is low liquidity which can have a great impact on the future financial situation of Kitchen Made Pies. Also, the major problem is Dean Distributing which has a poor payment record. High production costs are concern of the co

Preparing Salts- IB Lab Essay Example for Free

Preparing Salts- IB Lab Essay Calcium chloride (CaCl2) has been manufactured for over 100 years. The salt is used in a variety of industrial and consumer products, and is supplied as flakes, pebbles, pellets, powders and solutions with varying concentrations. Calcium chloride dissociates easily in water to form Ca and Cl ions. Calcium is essential for the formation of skeletons, neural transmission, and muscle contraction, coagulation of the blood, and algae and higher plant growth. Chloride ions are also required for normal cellular operations in animals and humans, and serve as a micronutrient for plants, playing important roles in photosynthesis and osmoregulation. Calcium chloride is considered to be practically non-toxic to aquatic organisms and bioaccumulation is unlikely. Calcium chloride does not burn and is not flammable. Calcium chloride is corrosive to some metals. Calcium chloride is completely soluble in water. Because calcium chloride is hygroscopic, it should be stored in a dry place and be protected from atmospheric moisture. Heat is produced when calcium chloride is dissolved in water and spattering and boiling can occur. (Calcium Chloride SIDS Initial Assessment Profile, 4, 12-14) Salts are prepared by five methods. A metal can combine directly with a nonmetal to form a salt. A metal can react with acid to form a salt and release hydrogen gas. A base can react with an acid to form a salt and water. An acid can react with a carbonate and form a salt, carbon dioxide and water. And finally two salts can react to form two other salts. AIM (PURPOSE) Our aim was to create 0,124 grams of calcium chloride. In order to prepare the salt, we used a base and an acid. The reason why we chose this method was first, we had the chemicals and second, using two salts was dangerous. So we have decided to use neutralization method. HYPOTHESIS We predict that we will obtain 0.124 grams of CaCl2, because we used the correct stoichiometric amounts of the reactants HCl and Ca(OH)2 , according to the mole ratio for their reaction. VARIABLES To prepare the right amount of salt, we had to keep the temperature stable. We used room temperature. Although we heated the beaker, we let it cool down before measuring its mass. Another constant variable was concentration. We had to keep it still so that there wouldnt be a change in the reaction. Everybody in the class prepared different salt so everybody had different kinds of ions and since the salts were different, their solubility was different too. MATERIALS AND EQUIPMENT Beaker 100 ml 0.0815 grams of HCl 0.0828 grams of Ca(OH)2 Plastik dropper Scale Heater Spatula PROCEDURE 1) First of all, we decided which acid and base we should use. Since we had HCl and Ca(OH)2 in chemistry lab, we decided to use this acid and base. 2) We wrote the chemical equation of the reaction. 2HCl + Ca(OH)2 2H2O + CaCl2 We used HCl acid and Ca(OH)2 base. When an acid and a base react, they form water and a salt. After writing down the products and reactants, we balanced the equation. 3) In order to make 0.124 grams of salt, we needed to know the amount of reactants we should use. To find out, we used stoichiometry. 2HCl + Ca(OH)2 2H2O + CaCl2 2 moles 1 mole 2 moles 1 mole H:1.01 Ca:40.08 H2:2.02 Ca:40.08 Cl:35.45 O2: 32.00 O:16.00 Cl2:70.9 (35.45+1.01)à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½2 H2: 2.02 (2.02+16.00)à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½2 Mr: 72.92 grams Mr: 74.1 grams Mr: 36.04 grams Mr: 110.98 grams 72.92à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½0.124à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½110.98= 0.0815 grams of HCl (which is 20 drops) 36.04à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½0.124à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½110.98= 0.0828 grams of Ca(OH)2 4) We measured exactly 0.0828 grams of Ca(OH)2 . 5) We added 20 drops of HCl into the Ca(OH)2. 6) To have only salt as a product, we needed to heat the beaker so that the water would evaporate. After we heated the beaker for several minutes, we let it cool. 7) When the beaker was cool enough, we measured the salt and the beakers mass. It was 32,5097 à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½0,0005 grams. To make sure that there was no water, we decided to heat and measure it again. 8) The second time we heat and cooled and measured it, we found 32, 4896 à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½0,0005 grams. 9) Then we washed the beaker and measured it when its empty. We found 32.3551à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½0,0005 grams. 10) We subtracted the beaker and the salts mass from the empty beakers mass to find salts mass. The salts mass is 0,1345à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ 0,0005 grams. Our aim was to prepare 0.124 grams of CaCl2 salt. RAW DATA PROCESSED DATA 1st Measurement (à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½0,00005 g) 2nd Measurement (à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½0,00005 g) Beaker+Salt Salt Beaker+Salt Salt 32,5097 à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½0,0005 g 0.1546 à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½0,0005 g 32, 4896 à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½0,0005 g 0,1345 à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½0,0005 g CONCLUSION Our aim was to create 0,124 grams of calcium chloride. In order to prepare the salt, we used a base and an acid. To achieve our aim, first we decided which method we should use to prepare this salt. We had two options because we didnt have other materials. We could have used either two salts or a base and an acid. After deciding to use a base and an acid, we used stoichiometry, which is a quantitative branch of chemistry. Stoichiometry is the science of measuring the quantitative proportions or mass ratios in which chemical elements stand to one another(Jeremias Benjaim Richter, 1762-1807). We calculated the amount of chemicals we should use. Then we started preparing our salt and reacted base with the acid. After heating the beaker to eliminate water, we get our salt. We measured it and found out that we prepared 0,1345 à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½0,0005 grams of CaCl2 salt. The reason why we get water and a salt when we react bases and acids is simple. Everything started with Swedish chemist Jons Berzelius, who said that acids and bases have opposite charges. After that the Arrhenius Theory explained that an acid is a compound which produces hydrogen ions and a base is the one that produces hydroxide ions when dissolved in water. Then as the Bronsted-Lowry Theory indicated, when an acid behaves like a donor (an acid as an H+ ion), it means that the hydrogen ion is separating from the acidic compound and when a base behaves like an acceptor (a base as an H+ ion), the hydrogen ion is bonding with the basic compound. Because water molecules are polar, the negative charges tend to congregate on one end of the molecule with the oxygen atom, while the positive charges remain on the other end with the hydrogen atoms. The Brà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½nsted-Lowry model emphasizes the role played by water, which pulls the proton from the acid, resulting in the creation of the hydronium ion (Zumdahl, Introductory Chemistry: A Foundation). Then finally with the Lewis Theory, which extends Arrhenius and Bronsted-Lowry theories, it was discovered that bases gives electrons and acids accepts them. So, an acid and a base react, since they attract each other. And when they react, the base generates OH+ and the acid generates H+ which forms water. And the other ions react to form a salt. With this experiment we not only used what we have learned about preparing salts but we also used stoichiometry, which is a very important topic in chemistry. We did all the calculations and the experiment ourselves and we get to apply our knowledge. EVALUATION Although the result we get was really close, we didnt exactly find 0.124 grams of CaCl2. The percentage error of the experiment is %9. We found 0.1345 à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ 0,0005 grams. To make this experiment better, first of all we could have research our salt and learn more about it. We didnt know that Ca(OH)2 is hygroscopic in the first time we measured its mass. Thats why its mass may have been measured more than it should be. But the second time we measured the beaker, we were more careful however still when we let the beaker to cool, its mass might have increased. After we heated the beaker, we waited for several minutes and waited it to cool but the beaker and the salt within might have been still warm. If we measured salts mass when it was still hot, that means we found the mass more than it should be. If we had more time, maybe we could be sure that it was in the room temperature and then measure it. Although we cleaned the beaker after the experiment, we might have left salt in it and when we measured empty beakers mass, we might have found something wrong. We could have cleaned it more neatly. REFERENCES Calcium Chloride SIDS Initial Assessment Profile, UNEP Publications, SIAM 15, Boston, October 22-25, 2002, pages 4, 12-14. Zumdahl, Steven S. Introductory Chemistry: A Foundation, 4th ed. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 2000. www.answer.com www.wikipedia.com

The Record Companies Decrease in Sales :: Music

The Record Companies' Decrease in Sales The music business is experiencing a recession where record sales are reaching all-time lows. All record companies have in the last few years experienced a considerable decrease in sales. Finding the cause or causes of this has naturally become a major concern for all of them. Some blame the recession in the West in general, but that can hardly explain why one industry is losing out so much more than others. Music today is less from the heart than it used to be only ten years ago. It is mostly a purely commercial product to be used up and thrown away. A lot of modern music has a short but intense life span. People are not prepared to pay as much for a 'disposable' product as they are for a 'reusable'. The hit song of the week is fed to us all through radio and TV so intensely that we need not buy the record. And when it is no longer broadcasted no one remembers it. Attempts to change this and promote more quality, depth and originality in music have not been very successful. The whole entertainment business is ruled by trends and, quality seems to have gone out of style To simply lower the price of a CD is a commonly suggested solution, naturally advocated by the buyers. But no business favors such a remedy. Not only since it reduces their income but also because it sends out the wrong signals to people. It gives the impression that the product is worth less and that the customers have been charged too much before. And if the price can drop by ten per cent this year people might expect it to drop another ten per cent next year. A better settlement could be enhancing the product and giving people more for their money. Thanks to modern technology there can be so much more included on a CD than just music. A computer with a CD-ROM drive, which is becoming quite common, allows us to read several different kinds of information off a CD. A short interview with the artist or 'behind the scenes' features can be included as so called 'Quicktime movies'. Lyric sheets, discographies, extensive biographies and even sheet music can also be added easily. Text files have such small memory requirements compared to sound that the Bible can be stored in less space than a normal length song! There have already been several Cds released which include a

Milgrams The Perils of Obedience Essay -- Psychology

Milgram's The Perils of Obedience Obedience is the requirement of all mutual living and is the basic element of the structure of social life. Conservative philosophers argue that society is threatened by disobedience, while humanists stress the priority of the individuals' conscience. Stanley Milgram, a Yale psychologist, designed an experiment that forced participants to either violate their conscience by obeying the immoral demands of an authority figure or to refuse those demands. Milgram's study, reported in "The Perils of Obedience" suggested that under a special set of circumstances the obedience we naturally show authority figures can transform us into agents of terror or monsters towards humanity. The experiment consists of two people that take part in a study of memory learning, one of them referred to as the "Teacher" and the other as the "Learner." The experimenter explains that the study's main goal is to observe the effect of punishment on learning. The learner will be seated in something similar to the electric chair, his arms will be strapped and an electrode will be attached to his wrist. The learner will be told that he will be tested on his ability to remember the second word of a pair when he hears the first one again. If he makes a mistake, he will then receive electric shocks of increasing intensity. The real focus of the experiment is the teacher. He will be in charge of a shock generator. The teacher does not know that the learner, supposedly the victim, is actually an actor who receives no shock whatsoever. Again this experiment is to see if the teacher proceeds with the shocks that are ordered to inflict increasing pain on a protesting victim. Milgram's first subject, Gretchen Brant showed th... ...enter. Although Bruno Batta had some difficulty understanding what to do, he after showed that he indeed appreciated help and was then willing to do what was required from the experimenter. When the learner in this case complained, Mr. Batta showed no signs of attention or disturbance whatsoever. At the end of the experiment he told the experimenter that he had been honored to be part of it. He showed no remorse. Milgram answers the question of why this problem occurred in our pasts, for example during the Holocaust, and still occurs within ourselves. The experiment unfortunately illustrates that it is easy to ignore responsibility when one is only a link in a chain of action in a multifaceted society. People feel is their duty or their job to obey an authority figure without realizing that nobody can make another individual do something they feel is not right.

Rethinking of Filipino Values Essay

Enriquez was critical of this approach to the study of Filipino values. He encouraged Filipino scholars to take a second look at these values using a Filipino orientation. Social scientists such as Lagmay, Salazar, and Bonifacio took up the challenge in their own research. Let us examine three of these ‘‘Filipino values’’ from the exogenous and indigenous perspectives. 54 Rogelia Pe-Pua and Elizabeth Protacio-Marcelino ? Blackwell Publishers Ltd with the Asian Association of Social Psychology and the Japanese Group Dynamics Association 2000Bahala Na. The Filipino cultural value of bahala na has no exact English translation. Bostrom (1968) was the first psychologist to analyze this value by comparing it with American fatalism. This is obviously a pervasive interpretation that when Thomas Andres published the Dictionary of Filipino Culture and Values, he still defines bahala na as ‘‘the Filipino attitude that makes him accept sufferings and problems, leaving everything to God. ‘Bahala na ang Diyos (God will take care of us)’ . . . This attitude is a fatalistic resignation or withdrawal from an engagement or crisis or a shirking from personal responsibility’’ (Andres, 1994, p. 12). The Sikolohiyang Pilipino perspective interprets bahala na differently. Lagmay (1977) explained that bahala na is not ‘‘fatalism’’ but ‘‘determination and risk-taking’’. When Filipinos utter the expression ‘‘Bahala na! ’’ they are not leaving their fate to God and remaining passive. Rather, they are telling themselves that they are ready to face the difficult situation before them, and will do their best to achieve their objectives. The expression is a way of pumping courage into their system so that they do not buckle down. In fact, even before they have said ‘‘Bahala na! ’’ They have probably done their best to prepare for the forthcoming situation. Hiya. Sibley (1965), an American scholar, translated hiya as ‘‘shame’’. Another American, Lynch (1961) saw hiya as ‘‘the uncomfortable feeling that accompanies awareness of being in a socially unacceptable position, or performing a socially unacceptable action. ’’ For example, when an employee is scolded in front of other people. To add to the negativity of this interpretation of hiya, Andres (1994) described hiya as ‘‘an ingredient in why Filipinos overspend during fiestas in order to please their visitors, even to the extent of going into debt’’.

When Disobedience is Acceptable essays

When Disobedience is Acceptable essays In the year 2000, one can go to most any high school football game and observe a ritual that is becoming more and more widespread and symbolic in meaning to its participants. Before the football game begins, the Star Spangled Banner is played and sung, the flag is raised, and each schools band plays their Alma Mater. But where in years past there would have been a stadium-wide prayer for the safety and happiness of players, students, and fans, there is naught but silence. During the few moments where a prayer would have been given, one can see small groups of high school students trickling down out of the bleachers and onto the track, where they come together in a circular huddle to make a statement. An array of groups is represented; one can see cheerleaders in their suits, band members in their uniforms, even students in their plainclothes melding together in this group to have their pre-game prayer. Although the law has made it known that prayers before high school football games are unacceptable, these students are taking a stand and making their opinions known through civil disobedience. The issue of prayer at high school football games is but one of many issues today that calls individuals to civil disobedience. But this concept of civil disobedience is not a solely modern one; as long as there have been governments and laws and systems for individuals to control themselves and one another, there has been civil disobedience. Both Henry David Thoreau and Martin Luther King, Jr. were advocates of civil disobedience. In their writings, Civil Disobedience and Letter from Birmingham Jail they both approach civil disobedience as an honorable way of maintaining personal integrity, and as an incendiary device to ignite the flames of revolution and change. In Thoreaus time, the abolition of slavery was a contemporary and hugely important issue. Similarly, in Kings time, the battle raged again...

Henry of Navarre; Henry IV of France essays

Henry of Navarre; Henry IV of France essays In writing Henry of Navarre; Henry IV of France the author, Lord Russell of Liverpool endeavored not only to chronicle Henrys life but to also provide a glimpse into his character. Lord Russell would speculate as to Henrys motives behind his actions, often times backing up these speculations with Henrys own words either from letters he himself had written or from the memoirs of others close to the king. Due to this intimate look into the life and at times thoughts of the king the reader gains empathy for the monarch much as he people must have had. At the time that Henry of Navarre ascended the throne of France the country was ripe for a change. The last three kings of the Valois Dynasty, Francis II, Charles IX, and Henry III were the feeblest that ever sat on the throne of France (14). Their mother, Catherine de Medici who was referred to as La Serpente in essence ruled the country. The country was nearing bankruptcy due to her spending and the Wars of Religion, which had wrought the country since the time of Francis I (1515-1547). Henrys first order of business upon becoming king was to reunite the nation and put an end to the Wars of Religion. To do this he first had to gain access to Paris, which was then controlled by the Catholic league. For nearly five years he fought many battles against the League, reclaiming towns under their control and gaining many supporters, protestant and Catholic alike. In 1593 Henry abjures the protestant faith and in 1594 reenters Paris supposedly having said, Paris is worth a Mass. However, this was not the end of his struggle to end the wars of Religion even though the League was definitely declining in power. Henry signed the Edict of Nantes in 1598 the charter of the rights and privileges of the French Protestants. (135) which would remain in effect until it was revoked in 1685 by Louis XIV. Although this di...

Ratio Analysis And Overview Accounting Essay Essays

Ratio Analysis And Overview Accounting Essay Essays Ratio Analysis And Overview Accounting Essay Essay Ratio Analysis And Overview Accounting Essay Essay Ratio analysis is the most widely used technique for construing and comparing fiscal studies. Besides, ratios are utile for the intent of comparing public presentation from twelvemonth to twelvemonth and the public presentation of different companies given that their sum figures ever differ in magnitude. It s indispensable to observe that the aggregation of ratios on a systematic footing allows tendencies to emerge and throws into alleviation the significance of alterations indicated by the analysis of current events. Sing the fact that the hereafter is unsure, covering with ratios has to be merged with its past behavior therefore enabling future alterations be predicted. Hence the bottom line is, tendencies indicated by ratios are of great importance in doing valuable anticipations. Therefore in ratio analysis, it is nonmeaningful to see the public presentation of a company on twelvemonth or non comparing the ratio with other companies. Hence to do ratios mea ningful you ve got to compare it with old twelvemonth s ratios and even compare with your rivals. Ratio analysis is the most widely used technique for construing and comparing fiscal studies. Besides, ratios are utile for the intent of comparing public presentation from twelvemonth to twelvemonth and the public presentation of different companies given that their sum figures ever differ in magnitude. It s indispensable to observe that the aggregation of ratios on a systematic footing allows tendencies to emerge and throws into alleviation the significance of alterations indicated by the analysis of current events. Sing the fact that the hereafter is unsure, covering with ratios has to be merged with its past behavior therefore enabling future alterations be predicted. Hence the bottom line is, tendencies indicated by ratios are of great importance in doing valuable anticipations. Therefore in ratio analysis, it is nonmeaningful to see the public presentation of a company on twelvemo nth or non comparing the ratio with other companies. Hence to do ratios meaningful you ve got to compare it with old twelvemonth s ratios and even compare with your rivals. Consequently, in this analysis the fiscal public presentation of Hammerson plc will be evaluated and discussed sing the two latest old ages of Hammerson fiscal statements that is 2008 and 2009.This will be done utilizing its ratios classified under profitableness, efficiency, investing and liquidness. In this same analysis attending will be given on the restrictions of ratio analysis being used as a tool to measure the fiscal public presentation of Hammerson. As a beginning of research, more visible radiation will be given as a prognosis for Hammerson net income warning and particular events ; this is to buttress this analysis. Consequently, in this analysis the fiscal public presentation of Hammerson plc will be evaluated and discussed sing the two latest old ages of Hammerson fiscal statements that is 2008 and 2009.This will be done utilizing its ratios classified under profitableness, efficiency, investing and liquidness. In this same analysis attending will be given on the restri ctions of ratio analysis being used as a tool to measure the fiscal public presentation of Hammerson. As a beginning of research, more visible radiation will be given as a prognosis for Hammerson net income warning and particular events ; this is to buttress this analysis. Subsequently, ratios drawn from balance sheets, hard currency flow statement and net income and loss statement will be calculated. Subsequently, ratios drawn from balance sheets, hard currency flow statement and net income and loss statement will be calculated. Hammerson PLC Hammerson PLC Liquidity ratios20092008 Current ratio: Current assets374.7190.3 Current liabilities 280.8 253.8 = 1.3 to 1 = 0.7 to 1 Acid ratio: Currents assets- stocks the same as current ratio since no stocks Current liabilities Investing Ratios Net incomes per portion ( EPS ) : Net incomes ? 100 575 ?100 421 ? 100 Shares 136.8 426 =136.8p = 98.8p Gaining output: EPS ? 100 136.8 ? 100 98.8? 100 Monetary value per portion 334 277 = 40.95 % = 35.66 % Dividend per portion ( DPS ) : Dividend 42.7 ? 100 46.7 ?100 Ordinary portion capital 174.2 ? 4 72.7 ? 4 = 6.1 P = 16.1 P Dividend output: DPS ? 1006.1 ? 10016.1 ?100 Monetary value per portion 334 277 = 1.82 =5.8 Price/ gaining ratio: Monetary value per portion334277 EPS 136.8 98.8 =2.44 = 2.8 Efficiency ratios20092008 Debt ratio: Entire liabilities2719.43484.2 Entire plus 5337.1 7485.7 = 0.5 = 0.47 Equity ratio: Stockholder financess2546.72820.6 Entire assets 5337.1 7485.7 = 0.477 = 0.376 Debt to equity ratio: Entire debt2626.13339.6 Shareholder financess 2546.7 2820.6 = 1.03 = 1.18 Entire debt to entire plus: Debt + current liabilities ? 1002626.1 + 280.8 ? 1003339.6+253.8 ?100 Entire assets 5337.1 7485.7 = 54.47 % = 48 % Harmonizing to Glautier E and Underdown B, company fiscal public presentation has two facets which are of involvement to investors. First, the fiscal public presentation may be assessed by mention to its ability to bring forth net income hence in this instance ratios of fiscal efficiency focal point on net income and gross revenues and net income and assets employed. Second, the company s fiscal public presentation may be assessed in footings of the value of its portions to investors therefore ratios of fiscal public presentation focal point on gaining per portion, dividend output and the price/earning ratios. In this visible radiation and in conformity with the liquidness ratio, Hammerson current assets were more sufficient to cover its current liabilities by a factor of 1.3 to 1 in 2009 but dropped drastically in 2008 wherein Hammerson current assets were non able to cover its current liabilities. An review of the equity falling due within one twelvemonth shows the 2nd largest point after portion premium is for militias ( ?854, 700, 000 at 30th June 2009 and ? 68, 800, 000 for 30th June 2008 ) . Hammerson had ?68, 300, 000 of hard currency at bank on the 30th of June 2009 and ?38,300, 000 on the 30th of June 2008, a decrease of ?30, 500, 000, so it could look to hold adequate hard currency at the terminal to pay for its militias. Apart from militias Hammerson had accumulations every bit good, ? 21, 300, 300 for 30th June 2009 and ?21, 600, 000, this shows a decrease of ?300, 000, So we can presume that sing Hammerson hard currency at bank could cover both militias and accumulations. Howe ver, the point portion premium was instead traveling to cut down Hammerson hard currency at bank. Apparently, Hammerson appears to hold invested good because the hard currency flow statement shows that ?264, 200, 200 for 30th June 2009 and ?74, 100, 000 for 30th June 2008 as shutting hard currency and sedimentation. This decidedly had a valuable consequence on the hard currency flow in both old ages. Looking at the efficiency ratio, there is an addition from June 2008 to June 2009 in Hammerson ability to protect its creditors and how they can go on to merchandise on equity. The equity ratio of 0.376 for June 2008 and 0.477 for June 2009 hence we can state Hammerson can increase their extent of trading on equity because it s profitable. But the gearing state of affairs of Hammerson is hapless therefore demoing they have to borrow less and increase the capital invested by their stockholder. The tendency of the geartrain state of affairs for the two old ages shows that its unprofitable relying on adoptions. This genuinely seen by the per centum of financess Hammerson provided by creditors that is 48 % for 30th June 2008 and 54.47 % for 30th June 2009. There has being an addition in Hammerson profitableness shown by an addition in its net incomes per portion of 136.8p ( increase30th June 2009 and 98.8p for 30th June 2008 ) . Unfortunate the Price/earning ratios has dropped from ( 2.44 to 2.8 ) . Looking at the dividend ( 42.7 at 2009 and 46.7 at 2008 ) hence demoing a bead on the dividend thereby literally turn outing that the company has had a policy of merely paying a little proportion of dividends. This could therefore bring force per unit area from stockholders to increase the degree of dividends paid out but evidently the impact on hard currency flow would hold to be considered really earnestly. Accounting to Dyson, he suggests that the four methods of ratio analysis are interconnected. He thinks so because a extremely efficient company is besides a profitable one but it is besides suggested that its success has caused it to run into hard currency flow jobs. The market will entree its future public presentation and hence its investing potency. Hence the investing ratios should reflect satisfactory profitableness indexs or any liquidness jobs. Even though all the indexs are satisfactory, the investing indexs may be weak, perchance because the market thinks that the company has passed its extremum. Although ratio analysis is a tool used to measure the fiscal public presentation of a company, it s got some pitfalls/limitations which are indispensable in this analysis. When we take a expression at the fiscal statement provided by Hammerson it has been summarised go forthing off the profit/loss statement doing it impossible to cipher any of the profitableness ratios hence it does non give a true image of the company. Besides, if ratio analysis is used to two companies at that place becomes a job as no two companies will hold the same fiscal and concern hazard profile hence ratios ca nt be used to measure the public presentation of the two companies. For case, one company may be able to obtain bank loans at reduced rates and may demo high geartrain degrees while as another may non be successful in obtaining inexpensive rates and it may demo that it is runing at low pitching degree. The alterations in accounting criterions besides act as restriction to ratio analysis because different accounting criterions offers standard ways of recognising, mensurating and showing fiscal minutess. Any alteration in the criterions will impact the coverage of company and finally its comparism of consequences over different old ages. This has the same with different accounting policies that is the pick of accounting policies may falsify inter company comparings. For case IAS 16 allows assets to be based on either revalue sum or at depreciated historical cost. The concern may choose non to appreciate its plus because by making so the depreciation charge is traveling to be high and will ensue in lower net income. Decision devising is non hapless taking into consideration the historical cost. This is because where historical cost convention is used ; plus ratings in the balance sheet could be misdirecting. Ratios based on this information will non be really utile for determination devising. Furthermore, ratio analysis can non be used in instances where different companies have different capital constructions and sizes. To do comparing when 1 is wholly equity oriented and the other is a geared company, it becomes hard to do a comparing. Monetary value alterations besides have a function to play every bit far as the restrictions of ratio analysis are concerned. Inflation renders comparings of consequences over clip misleading as fiscal figures will non be within the same degrees of buying power. Changes in consequences over clip may demo as if the endeavor has improved its public presentation and place when in fact after seting for inflationary alterations it will demo the different image. As a decision, Ratio analysis is utile, but analysts should be cognizant of these jobs and do accommodations as necessary. Ratios analysis conducted in a mechanical, unreflective mode is unsafe, but if used intelligently and with good opinion, it can supply utile penetrations into the house s operations. The president said, The first half of the twelvemonth was a period of vigorous activity following which the company is now in a strong fiscal place. Looking frontward, we will concentrate on the four key countries. . First, our investing portfolio is of the really highest quality, consisting premier retail and office assets in the UK and France. We will actively pull off the portfolio to better the income and guarantee it is good positioned to profit from a recovery in markets. Second, our recent developments have the possible to be some of our best executing assets over the medium-term, and we will go on to concentrate on allowing the staying infinite. Third, we are prosecuting the planning and design elements of the development grapevine to guarantee we can work these undertakings when conditions permit. Fourth, we intend to take advantage of chances presented by the current markets, including recycling capital into investings offering higher returns. Hammerson are doing encouraging advancement in allowing our major developments, the last of which, Union Square in Aberdeen, will open in the fall. Approximately 67 % of the strategy s rental income has been secured or is in canvassers custodies. In the City of London, 60 Thread Needle Street and 125 Old Broad Street are severally 23 % and 75 % Lashkar-e-Taiba, with a farther 44 % of income at 60 Thread needle Street in canvassers custodies. Gross income will turn well as a consequence of late contracted rentals at these and other developments. This is a bow dramatis personae Hammerson upcoming particular events for this twelvemonth. Besides, Hammerson has received dainties in its fiscal place sing the fact that is has got a bead in its net income degree from 2008 to 2009 ; this is shown by a bead in its earning per portion for the two twelvemonth. Concerning Hammerson current portion monetary value of 379.97p demoing a bead of 9p hence a dainty to its future net incomes every bit good since there will be considerable bead in the figure of stockholders that earlier. In a concluding analysis and to reason every bit good, I think ratio analysis is a good to measure the fiscal public presentation of a company but should take some facts into consideration when analyzing. Furthermore, the tendency shown after the ratios were calculated was in little conformity with the president statement refering its profitableness and investing of the two old ages in inquiry. Mention J. R. Dyson ( 2005 ) . Accounting for non- accounting pupils. The Prentice Hall, 6th Edition. P 275 M W E Glautier and B Underdown ( 2007 ) . Accounting Theory and Practice. The Prentice Hall, 7TH Edition P 252 BILIOGRAPHY Elliot Barry and Elliot Jamies ( 2008 ) Financial Accounting and Reporting, ( 12th Edition ) Prentice Hall Wood, Frank and Sangster, Alan ( 2008 ) Business Accounting 1, ( 11th edition ) Prentice hall.

The problem of unaccompanied illegal immigrant children Essay - 184

The problem of unaccompanied illegal immigrant children - Essay Example Conversation surrounding this unaccompanied immigrant child has been polarized politically, as the opposition appears intent on laying the blame at the president and government’s claiming that they are not doing enough to secure the nation from intrusion (The Editorial Board). While the government may or may not agree with this sentiments their primary concern at the moment is how to address the situation at hand and try to solve the problem without endangering the lives of the vulnerable minors. One of the issues that have been subject to incessant opposition from the republican side is the fact that many of these children have to be tried and provided with lawyers which comes at a cost to the government. However, others argue that the cost of keeping the minors in detention is far greater than that of providing them with legal representation. Attempts by the state to have unaccompanied and unregistered minors to access and education have been frequently opposed by the opposi tion, but on the large those released in the custody of the relatives in the US can access it. Both sides are justified in their different positions on the matter, despite the opponents appearing uncaring its worth noting that these children will likely lead a life of poverty and as young adults will be likely to engage in criminal activities in the US. Besides, there is no way of knowing why there really come to the US and some of them may well be juvenile delinquents (You Hot News). Nevertheless, the government has a responsibility for all those who enter its boarders; thus, children deserving of refugee or asylum should be granted the same without irrespective of the circumstances under which the entered the US. Ultimately, it is inevitable that there are serious challenges underpinning the immigration issue, but they are best solved by collective action objectively addressing the concerns of both sides.  

International Sports Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

International Sports - Essay Example The review of the literature published in the particular field leads to the following assumption: the educational objectives that Pierre De Coubertin used for reviving the Olympics have been alternated today. This fact does not mean that Olympic values have been extinguished; however, because of the continuous transformation of social and cultural ethics worldwide, Olympic values had, necessarily, to be aligned with existing social ethics and principles. The continuous change of legislation regulating the particular event is the major indicator of this trend. Under these terms, it could be noted that the educational objectives used by Pierre De Coubertin for reviving the Olympics are still critical for evaluating the quality of the Games but the level at which these objectives can affect the structure and the ethics of the Games is not so high as in the past. In order to understand the potential power of Pierre De Coubertin’s educational objectives for reviving the Olympics, it would be necessary to check the criteria on which these objectives have been based. In accordance with Naul (2008) the involvement of Pierre De Coubertin in the revival of Olympics is closely related to his efforts for improving the ‘inflexible French military gymnastics’ (Naul, 2008, p.20). After reviewing the sports activities developed in schools across England, Pierre De Coubertin decided that a new form of gymnastics could be established using the ideas of the Olympic Games – in their ancient form – combined with the values of contemporary sports. This combination has led to the revival of Olympics, in their current form. Today, the above effort of Pierre De Coubertin can be characterized as fully justified. Indeed, any effort for establishing a worldwide sports framework, should refer to the Olympic values and ideas, in the terms that the particular event

Surface Plasmon Resonance Sensors Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Surface Plasmon Resonance Sensors - Term Paper Example The metals used are mainly gold and silver. When the surface plasmons collide with light energy, a kind of resonance occurs named; surface Plasmon polarization. The resonance continues oscillating along the surface of the metal decaying gradually through loss of energy to the absorption into the metal and radiation to the media interface i.e. air or water or other surface (Bozhevolnyi, 2008). The resonance of the surface Plasmon is then used to monitor the reflected light energy from a prism coupler in relation to the angle of incidence. This method can be applied to solve real life problems like observation of nanometer variations in density, thickness and molecular adsorption. Devices are being innovated every day in application of this technique. The surface Plasmon resonance sensors (SPRS) help detect chemicals, molecules, tissues like proteins, metals among other materials. This technology has been commercialized hence it is used in a very wide number of fields i.e. mass destruc tion weapons, medicine, security protocols, pharmacy, production plants, service delivery like water for residential use, optic communications and so on (Thirstrup, 2004). New and Useful Applications of Surface Plasmon Resonance Sensors The applications could be classified into four distinct groups: 1. Optical sensors 2. Biosensors 3. Chemical sensor Optical Sensors The most influential application of this technology was in the fiber optic. In this type of sensors, data is converted into light energy and interfaced with a dielectric metal. The high refractive index of the metal allows for total internal refraction thus the light energy is infinitely refracted along the cable with minimum loss of energy. This excites the surface Plasmons thus creating a surface resonance wave. The fiber optic cable is designed with a core metal in the centre, a bimetallic surround to the inner metal, a protective layer of metal preventing the effect of external waves to the wave in transit and insula tors all around each layer. When a light is beamed on a prism at an angle greater than the critical angle of the media, total internal reflection occurs. The wave formed in the media could be manipulated through the use of a material with a higher di-electric constant. This could be regulated to match the surface Plasmon resonance. It in turn creates a wave that travels along the surface of the metal at very high speeds. The energy formed through conversion of light energy to electronic energy can be controlled to achieve optimum sensor values i.e. increasing the two main parameters: sensitivity and signal-to-noise ratio. The sensor can be improved by using a dielectric media with a high refractive index. However, the materials used are limited to costs thus a balance needs to be maintained between the two (Wang, 2002). Figure 1: prism experiment of the surface Plasmon wave Biosensors These are devices used to analyze the detection of analytes that combine physiochemical detector co mponent with biological components e.g. tissues, molecules, fluids and so on. This technology takes advantage of the application of surface Plasmon resonance sensors at the molecular level. This is technically used to identify various types of molecules based on the level of excitement induced by a photon of light incident on the molecules of the object in test. The biosensors are used to perform rather difficult tests i.e. testing the Ph of the brain, the Ph of the eye, the Ph under the skin and so on. The

Effects of Cocaine Abuse, its Prevention and Treatment Research Paper

Effects of Cocaine Abuse, its Prevention and Treatment - Research Paper Example A recent survey of 17 countries revealed that United States has the highest level of illegal cocaine use with nearly 16.2% of people in the United States having used cocaine in their lifetime (Science Daily, 2008). Cocaine is available in two chemical forms – hydrochloride salt which is taken intravenously (by vein) or intra-nasally (through the nose) and freebase which is smoked (Psychology Today, 2008). Issues Related to Cocaine Abuse Cocaine addicts are usually introduced to the drug after they have abused ‘gateway substances’ like alcohol, tobacco and marijuana. According to the national center on addiction and substance abuse (1994), 90 % of the people who tried cocaine had used all three gateway substances before moving on to cocaine. Impact on physical functioning Cocaine use can lead to some immediate physical consequences such as restlessness, euphoria and alertness (WebMD, 2008). These effects are felt within minutes of taking the drug and continue for a bout 20 to 120 minutes. Other physical effects include insomnia, vomiting, pupil dilation, nosebleeds, increased temperature and pulse rate and rapid breathing (WebMD, 2008). These effects are temporary and mostly disappear after a couple of hours. Studies reveal that prolonged use of cocaine can have an overwhelming effect on the ‘pleasure centers’ in the brain (Chen, et. al., 1996). The drug interferes, alters, damages and takes control of specialized cells that regulate pleasure, well-being and mood. Therefore, regular use can destroy the brain’s ability to feel normal without cocaine. Long term use can even cause permanent biological drug addiction. Since cocaine increases blood pleasure, heart rate, breathing and body temperature, long term use of the drug can cause cardiac and respiratory failures, strokes, coma, convulsions and death. The drug can damage the liver’s ability to detoxify blood and can reduce the production of critical enzymes needed for normal body functioning (WebMD, 2008). It can also cause liver cirrhosis or liver cancer. Cocaine use results in the constriction of the blood vessels of the heart resulting in increased blood pressure. This can trigger heart attack, heart failure, irregular heart beat and sudden death. Use of non-sterile needles among cocaine users can result in contracting Hepatitis – a highly contagious disease resulting in serious liver damage and AIDS. Users may also pass these diseases to their sexual partners, unborn babies and others. Regular users of cocaine experience loss of interest in sex, decreased sexual performance and risk of impotence and infertility (WebMD, 2008) . In women, the drug use can result in miscarriages, developmental disorders and complications during birth. It can also cause premature separation of placenta from uterus leading to premature births or stillbirths. Smoking cocaine damages the ability of the cells in the lung to process gases. This results in the user experiencing constant cough and shortness of breath. Regular use can result in respiratory failure because the brain stops sending signals to the lung muscles that control breathing and they stop working (WebMD, 2008). Impact on psychological functioning Cocaine has been found to be

M5 Reflection Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

M5 Reflection - Essay Example It is therefore easy to assume that teachers are supposed to do a better job as far as keeping up with science is concerned, nevertheless, teaching is a profession that is already labor intensive. It is might therefore become difficult for someone not familiar with the profession to separate scientific research from other pseudoscience. This means theories associated with learning and teaching at different levels may be appear as effective but they need to be tested on a large scale. Reseach also leads to the development of equity that ensures that individual develop a belief in value while being committed to the creation and sustenance of positive school cultures. Is also important is developing lifelong learning that enables individual to develop a commitment to implementing shared visions of learning that are backed by the school community. On the other hand, action research may be instrumental in appreciating the activities that take place in the classroom and identifying the changes that lead to improved teaching and learning (Whitehead & McNiff, 2006). Action research is important in answering questions concerning the efficiency of particular instructional approaches, performances of students and the management of classroom approaches. Research in education often appears to be removed from other aspects of the classroom and for many teachers; experimental research appears to be in contradiction of the mandate to improve learning for all the students (Armstrong & Moore, 2004). In this context, action research provides the benefits of studies in the schoolroom setting without the associated hurdles. The main aim of school-wide research is improving the school in terms of the organizations as an entity with an ability to solve problems (Erchul & Sheridan, 2014). Through recurrent cycles of research, the entire school, as a community should progressively improve to gain ability to work together in the identification of problems and solving them.

Effects of Cocaine Abuse, its Prevention and Treatment Research Paper

Effects of Cocaine Abuse, its Prevention and Treatment - Research Paper Example A recent survey of 17 countries revealed that United States has the highest level of illegal cocaine use with nearly 16.2% of people in the United States having used cocaine in their lifetime (Science Daily, 2008). Cocaine is available in two chemical forms – hydrochloride salt which is taken intravenously (by vein) or intra-nasally (through the nose) and freebase which is smoked (Psychology Today, 2008). Issues Related to Cocaine Abuse Cocaine addicts are usually introduced to the drug after they have abused ‘gateway substances’ like alcohol, tobacco and marijuana. According to the national center on addiction and substance abuse (1994), 90 % of the people who tried cocaine had used all three gateway substances before moving on to cocaine. Impact on physical functioning Cocaine use can lead to some immediate physical consequences such as restlessness, euphoria and alertness (WebMD, 2008). These effects are felt within minutes of taking the drug and continue for a bout 20 to 120 minutes. Other physical effects include insomnia, vomiting, pupil dilation, nosebleeds, increased temperature and pulse rate and rapid breathing (WebMD, 2008). These effects are temporary and mostly disappear after a couple of hours. Studies reveal that prolonged use of cocaine can have an overwhelming effect on the ‘pleasure centers’ in the brain (Chen, et. al., 1996). The drug interferes, alters, damages and takes control of specialized cells that regulate pleasure, well-being and mood. Therefore, regular use can destroy the brain’s ability to feel normal without cocaine. Long term use can even cause permanent biological drug addiction. Since cocaine increases blood pleasure, heart rate, breathing and body temperature, long term use of the drug can cause cardiac and respiratory failures, strokes, coma, convulsions and death. The drug can damage the liver’s ability to detoxify blood and can reduce the production of critical enzymes needed for normal body functioning (WebMD, 2008). It can also cause liver cirrhosis or liver cancer. Cocaine use results in the constriction of the blood vessels of the heart resulting in increased blood pressure. This can trigger heart attack, heart failure, irregular heart beat and sudden death. Use of non-sterile needles among cocaine users can result in contracting Hepatitis – a highly contagious disease resulting in serious liver damage and AIDS. Users may also pass these diseases to their sexual partners, unborn babies and others. Regular users of cocaine experience loss of interest in sex, decreased sexual performance and risk of impotence and infertility (WebMD, 2008) . In women, the drug use can result in miscarriages, developmental disorders and complications during birth. It can also cause premature separation of placenta from uterus leading to premature births or stillbirths. Smoking cocaine damages the ability of the cells in the lung to process gases. This results in the user experiencing constant cough and shortness of breath. Regular use can result in respiratory failure because the brain stops sending signals to the lung muscles that control breathing and they stop working (WebMD, 2008). Impact on psychological functioning Cocaine has been found to be

Questions - Negotiation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Questions - Negotiation - Essay Example Similarly, any of the Kilmann’s models may be suitable depending on the characteristic of the condition and the negotiators personalities. Discussion 1. Identify and describe the 5 conflict handling modes as set forth in the Thomas-Kilman Conflict Mode Instrument Kilmann’s approaches of dispute resolution entails the following. Avoidance The avoiding management of conflict approach is low on cooperativeness and aggressiveness. This means that the manager is not highly cooperative in assisting the other parties to attain their objectives; neither is he assertively pursuing his suitable results in the case. Avoidance model of conflict management is often counterproductive, always resulting to depression and further problems. The people who persistently avoid conflicts trigger feelings of aggressiveness, anger and vengeance within themselves, triggering increased anxiety. In this approach, initial challenge, conflict, or condition is not directly attended or resolved. In a ddition, avoiding attitude may be suitable when the matter is perceived as being trivial. It is also a suitable approach to employ when there is a higher chance of winning the case or when distraction would be highly expensive. Competition Competing conflict management model is also described as the win-lose strategy and is characterized by increased assertiveness and reduced cooperativeness. The manager aims to achieve her own appropriate benefits at the advantage of his opponents. This model may be suitable when immediate decisive actions are required, such as in cases of emergencies. The approach can also be appropriate to confront unusual actions like urgent cost reduction. Accommodation style This approach reflects an increased degree of unity, and it has been considered obliging. Negotiator using this approach subjugate his goals anticipated results and objectives to enable other parties to attain their objectives and results. This approach is most suitable when parties unders tand that they did a mistake or when the matter is highly crucial to one party than another. This conflict management approach is vital for safeguarding future relationships amidst the parties. Compromising Compromising conflict management approach is characterized by relative degree of both cooperativeness and aggressiveness. Compromise, also known as bargaining, produces moderate output. This behavior may be employed when the objectives of the two sides are of similar significance, when the two parties have equal authority, or when it is vital to look for a semi permanent, timely remedy. The approach should not be utilized in case of a complicated challenge demanding a conflict solving style. Collaboration Collaborative conflict management style is intensive on both aggressiveness and cooperativeness. It is also considered the win-win mechanism. Both parties innovatively strive towards attaining the anticipated results and goals of all the individuals involved. The approach is sui table when the matter is complex, and an innovative or novel comprehension of ideas is required. The limitation of this style is that the collaborating process mandates genuine efforts by all the individuals involved, and it might need extra time to reach an agreement. The above five Kilmann’

Tesco Essay Example for Free

Tesco Essay Introduction This report will discuss the downturn in Tesco’s profits and will describe the contribution of the key business functions to the changes implemented in the organization. (Finance, Marketing, Operations, and Human Resources). Also, it will explain the key stakeholders of the organization and the key issues in managing stakeholders. Furthermore, it will include a SWOT analysis and a Power and Interest Matrix about Tesco. Business functions In the case study of Tesco, it is stated that they will appoint more staff to win their customers back. This step is related to Human Resource Management. HRM is activity, which include recruitment and defining the organization’s demand for skilled staff. â€Å"HRM includes the training and development of existing staff along with the recruitment of new staff.† (Capon 2009, p195). HRM is concerned with the overall strategic contribution of people to the organization. This involves developing policies on how to recruit, reward, and retain people. Moreover, HR department is about the contribution of the employees to the organization and what are their skills, abilities, and career development needs. The key activities of HRM are Recruitment and Selection, Performance, Learning and Development, Appraisal and Rewards. The changes in HRM will help Tesco to overcome the downturn in the most effective and efficient way due to the fact that when there is a strong motivation and enthusiasm to achieve your goals and know how to run your own business it is highly possible to become more competitive on the market and to be a leader in the market place. To increase their revenues, organizations such as Tesco rely on changes in one main area, in our case – changes in HRM. With this step, Tesco managed to returns its profits and moreover, to increase them with nearly 18% at  £1.1bn. For chain as Tesco it is exquisitely important the Operations Performance. The five performance objectives, which affect Tesco, are Quality, Speed, Dependability, Flexibility, and Cost. Firstly, quality means high ‘specification’ of a product or service and it is important for Tesco to have ‘quality’ products in their shops. â€Å"Speed indicates the time between the beginning of an operations process and its end.† (Slack, Lewis 2008, p38). Dependability is to give to the customers a delivery time. Flexibility is essential for the quick and efficient response to the customers demand. The last and the most important performance objective is Cost. It is important for the retailers because the lower the cost of producing the products or services, the lower they can sell it to the customers. The third business function related to Tesco is marketing. Marketing is about understanding the costumer’s needs and succeed to satisfy their wants and needs. It is a functional activity, which is focused mainly on customers, and will they purchase and continue to purchase the certain product or service. â€Å"Because the purpose of business is to create and keep customers, it has only two central functions – marketing and innovation. The basic function of marketing is to attract and retain customers at a profit. â€Å"(Jobber 2010 cited Drucker, p3). Marketing explains that to retain the existing costumers is easier than to attract new ones. The marketing mix is important for Tesco because it covers and explains five different aspects. The marketing mix is composed of Product, Price, Place, Promotion, and People. Firstly, the product is something that you will sell to the customers so it has to be successfully launched. The second P is price and it can be different- can be reduced or increased. Promotion is about introducing your product, how you will launch it on the market. The certain product can be promoted and advertised in different ways, through press, television, radio, magazines, internet. The promotional activities for supermarket such as Tesco can be loyalty card s for getting extra points. The fourth P is Place and it ensures the delivery of the product at right time and in the right place. The last key business function, which affects Tesco, is Finance. Finance is related to usage of the finance by the organization and how the finance is managed in the certain enterprise. Because of the growing competition and the growing demand for internet shopping, Tesco started changing its marketing mix from a traditional to a more modern model. Instead of considering only physical placing the products, Tesco needs to devise reliable internet positioning of the products, which could be supported by effective e-marketing and guaranteed efficient delivers. The product life cycle is very useful for Tesco because it allows to determine the stage of your business and if it is prosperous. The product life cycle is the period of time in which a product or service lasts. Over the course of this cycle, there are five stages: Introduction, Growth, Maturity, Saturation and Decline. SWOT Analysis Strengths Weaknesses Tesco has very solid position in the global market It is a powerful retailer brand It is the winner of the Retailer of the year 2008 By creating a loyalty card they achieving loyal customers Tesco was trying to gain a new markets such as books and it was unsuccessful due to the fact that there are already approved shops Finance profit levels for Tesco were impacted through bad debt Opportunities Threats Can continue to try entering new markets with new products Trying to meet the needs of the customers International growth Making an online catalogue To create unique products There is a persistent threat of takeover from the market leader Wal-Mart Only in USA. ASDA is owned by Wal-Mart as well and it is threat to Tesco here in UK because of very good internet shopping and low prices Stakeholders Stakeholders are individuals who have an interest in an organization. Some of them can be external and others can be internal. External stakeholders include customers, competitors, financiers, suppliers, government. Internal stakeholders include managers, directors, employees, shareholders. Stakeholders are able to influence and contribute to the company. (Capon 2009). First main step is to determine your stakeholders, their influence, and power about the organization. Secondly, it is exquisitely important to identify what the stakeholders are interested about. Moreover, you should have answers to some main questions such as: What financial or emotional interest do they have about your project or organization? What motivates them? The main stakeholders for Tesco are customers. All customers want is variety of products to choose from and quality in services or products at low costs. Like most organizations, Tesco needs their customers because they are the income and they buy their products. Customers apply pressure on Tesco to meet their needs. Meeting the customer’s needs can be done in different ways such as opening a new store or variety of goods. Tesco have a feedback service so every customer can raise questions or express opinion how the store can be improve. This makes Tesco highly competitive at the market. Customers are the main and key stakeholders for Tesco due to the fact that they can express a certain opinion about improving the store. Moreover, they can say from customer’s view how to make shopping quicker, easy, and enjoyable. In the Power and Interest matrix, customers are in category D – a key player because they have a high power to change Tesco stores and a high interest to be a customer in such a high quality supermarket such as Tesco. Power and Interest Matrix about TESCO Category A Minimal effort Category B Keep informed Category C Keep satisfied Category D Key player TESCO’S CUSTOMERS Conclusion In conclusion, every aspect from the key business function to the stakeholders is very important for Tesco and can influence over it. Every organization has to deal with the business problems and to know how to run the company. Tesco undoubtedly knows what their customer wants and satisfy their needs and desires in the best possible way. The advantage of Tesco is that they are ready to accept the criticism and are ready to change their stores, products, services. List of References: Baines, P, Fill, C and Page, K (2008) Marketing Principles and Society, Chapters 1 and 2, Oxford: Oxford University Press. Balogun, J. and Hailey, V.H. (2008), Exploring Strategic Chance, 3rd Edition, Essex, Pearson Education Limited Barringer and Ireland (2012), Entrepreneurship, 4th edition, Essex, Pearson Education Limited Capon, C. (2009), Understanding the Business Environment, 3rd Edition, Essex, Pearson Education Limited Jobber, D. (2010), Principles and Practice of Marketing, 6th Edition, Berkshire, McGraw-Hill Education Pelsmacker, B., Geuens, M., Bergh, J. (2005), Foundations of Marketing Communications, Essex, Pearson Education Limited Slack, N. and Lewis, M. (2008), Operations Strategy, 2nd Edition, Essex, Prentice Hall

The Ethnic Joke At Its Best Media Essay

The Ethnic Joke At Its Best Media Essay Ethnic jokes arent funny anymore. In fact, nearly one million adults in the tri-county area stated they personally experienced ethnic jokes, racial slurs, or verbal abuse. Thats not funny. Lets get serious. We can change that statistic. With a little more caring, understanding and compassion, we can all laugh with each other not at each other.' (Schutz, 1989). Ethnic and Racial Jokes has been the subject of a very controversial debate for quite a long time. As time progressed, peoples theories and attitudes towards ethnic jokes have evolved. The value of humor in the joke is more evident and the importance of this humor can be appreciated. Ethnic jokes, made in the right context, are acceptable in society pertaining to the particular place, time and surroundings of the person telling the joke. As human beings, we understand the gravity of the word respect; we have to respect every other living thing on this planet and no person or law or anything for that matter can change that fact. The idea behind the joke is not to offend people, cause disrespect and purposefully induce harm but to lighten up a dark ambience in a room its only a joke. I feel the need to emphasize the point that every ethnic joke should start with a look over your shoulder. (Wikipedia) Ethnic jokes make use of stereotypes, which is one of the gravest aspects that deter people from using them. Those not in favor claim that using stereotypes in the jokes can endorse a society in which negative ethnic stereotypes become socially acceptable making almost everyone racist. (Billig, 2001). Each person in society is afraid, even ashamed of being branded as a racist, which is one of the reasons why people have a very negative and wary attitude towards these jokes. People want to be able to laugh at race-based jokes without having to feel the guilt that plagues their conscience every time a giggle escapes their lips. This is still possible, if people try to become more mature and tolerant in accepting ethnic jokes and look at it in a more positive light somewhat like constructive criticism then everyone can have a guilt-free laugh at ethnic jokes. It is often said that Laughter is the best medicine; in the case of ethnic humor, this is true. Laughter reduces the tension du ring conversations and this can never be a bad thing. Laughter can bridge the gap between people from different ethnicities allowing them to understand the flaws of each others background as well as their own and interpreting these in a humorous manner will bring people closer together as friends. In his book, Peter Woods (1983) contends that Humour is power. It provides the strength that enables the individual to adapt to situations and, on occasion change them. (p. 112). Marty Beckerman, an author, journalist and humorist also sees the benefit; these jokes he admits are making people feel more comfortable with one another so they can get  past  their prejudices (Beckerman, 2008). A few studies have observed the relation of ethnic humor towards society. One such study is called The Joke Project a sociology professor in Rice University, Texas conducted a survey among his students on this subject. In The Joke Project, each student was told to ask a student from his/her own ethni city to tell them a joke. 90% responded with jokes out of which 42% of the responses had been racial or ethnic jokes. The remaining 48% who hadnt used ethnic jokes were asked whether they had recently heard a racial joke. 73% of these responded with racial jokes. (Davidson, 1987). The above evidence illustrates that ethnic jokes are used often in diverse multi-cultural places, especially in places like universities, since it helps bring people closer together; it helps when one has to make friends in a new place. Obviously, one does want to insult anyone when trying to make friends, on the contrary one tries to show that his understanding of another persons culture is deeper than the jokes with racial stereotypes make it out to believe. The opponents to this argument believe that racial and ethnic jokes are the cause for racial discrimination because ethnic jokes, in all their humor, present a severe reminder of past follies and struggles that people from various places in the world have faced over the years; in the words of Marty Beckerman (2008) poured salt into centuries-old wounds with cheap punch lines. The opposition suggests that these reminders are like adding cement to a wall that already divides us into different racial entities. On the other hand, the memories can help people. Memories can teach us what we need to know through our experiences. Remembering past struggles are not linked solely with recounting ethnic jokes, every history book has a story of past wars and conflicts, so then begs the question- why not stop reading history books? Answer, simply because it is illogical to do so. Professor Christie Davies (2000) says To become angry about such jokes and to seek to censor them because they impinge on sensitive issues is about as sensible as smashing a thermometer because it reveals how hot it is. (p. 116). In other words, just because something is out of favor with the general population, does not mean that one has to bar them entirely. Avoiding the past will not provide solutions to breaking down the metaphorical wall; with care and compassion and humor when we share the effects of past disputes using jokes, humorous stories and tales we can weaken that wall and join together to overcome issues of earlier times letting bygones be bygones. Racial jokes are insulting and demeaning claim the opposition for they employ the use of seemingly derogatory terms. In this case it is necessary to distinguish between racist jokes and jokes with race-based humor. There is a line between the two, albeit the line gets obscured and is hard to distinguish every now and then at these times extra caution is advised. The difference lies in the fact that jokes need not necessarily involve the defamation of a group; and merely because the joke contains references to a different ethnicity does not make it racist. There are several comedians such as Russell Peters, Maz Jobrani, Chris Rock and many others who have made successful careers making use of ethnic jokes. Their own success and the kaleidoscopic variety of people that turn up for their shows is proof of the effectiveness of these jokes. The entire people laugh together with each other at jokes about different ethnicities, there is no indication of any one race being singled out as su perior or inferior. This demonstrates that people are closer together at these shows and that for a joke to be an ethnic joke; it does not have to utilize offensive terms. Racism is a terrible thing but is forbidding the use of ethnic jokes really a way to put an end to it? There are good things as well as bad about ethnic humor. Ethnic jokes never did anyone harm on their own they are just jokes. We cannot blame the jokes but we can assume that the people who feel strongly disapproving about them as well as those who use them with complete disregard for others are the ones who need to change their perception. The solution depends entirely on perspective; the choice to be tolerant and to see the positive things can make all the difference. Imagine a world where people were not easily upset by ethnic jokes, a lot more smiles and laughter with less bickering and strife.

Utilitarianism, Economics and Ethics Essay -- Flaws in Utilitarianism

Imagine a child living in a hot, government owned apartment in Chicago. He has no father. With his single, jobless mother he struggles to the words of the founding fathers: â€Å"We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal; that they are endowed by their Creator with inherent and inalienable Rights; that among these, are Life, Liberty, and the pursuit of Happiness...† (The Declaration of Independence). This is one of the most famous phrases in the US Declaration of Independence and has become the underpinning of the dreams of millions of people around the world. Although the words are different, these sentiments are reflected in the political and economical policies of many democracies. While the notion of ‘happiness for all’ seems like the obvious solution to many of our persistent problems, we inevitably encounter conflicts between our actions and our morals. â€Å"The state is based on†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦the contradiction between public a nd private life, between universal and particular interests. For this reason, the state must confine itself to formal, negative activities.†(Marx, 1992). This essay focuses on the issues of a prominent theory, Utilitarianism as it blends and encompasses both areas of Economics and Ethics which have become the basis of our governmental bodies. In Utilitarianism the aim of our actions is to achieve happiness for the greatest number of people. â€Å"Actions are right in proportion as they tend to promote happiness, wrong as they tend to produce the reverse of happiness.† (Mill, 1971). Utilitarianism directly appeals to human emotions and our reactions to different events. Emotions are a fundamental Way of Knowing and influence both ethical and economical theories. In most cultures there are fundame... ...eories to stay stagnant and restrictive at the same time as our economies, ethical systems and societies are changing so dramatically right in front of us? Works Cited Brannigan, Jack. The Purpose of Life & the General Theory of Ethics. Nebraska, USA: iUniverse, 2005. The Declaration of Independence: A Transcription. Web. 14 June 2015. http://www.archives.gov/exhibits/charters/declaration_transcript.html Jenkins, Author Joe. Ethics and Religion. Oxford, UK: Heinemann Educational Publishers, 2003. Lagemaat, Richard van de. Theory of Knowledge for the IB Diploma. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 2005. Marx, Karl. Early Writings. London, UK: Penguin Classics, 1992. Rothbard, Murray N. Ethics of Liberty. New York, USA: New York University Press, 1998. Sen, Amartya. On Ethics and Economics. Oxford, UK: Blackwell Publishing, 1988.

Boys In The Hood Essay example -- essays research papers

Hood: slang for neighborhood or black area/life. Before 1991 this concept of hood life was never before portrayed or looked into until John Singleton produced the black social drama Boyz N the Hood. This is the first film by a black director that actually goes deep inside the ghetto or inner city. Singleton carefully directs this film so that it appears to mirror the real world â€Å"having value as a kind of anthropological study of an unfamiliar way of life'; (Thompson 2). Set in lower-middle-class, predominately black, south central Los Angeles, a neighborhood where constant gunshots regularly interrupt study time and the sound of police helicopters flying above is a familiar tune, Boyz N the Hood is basically the story of three teenage friends coming of age in black urban America. It is their story of street life where friendship, pain, danger, and love combine to form their harsh reality. Unlike previous films Singleton addresses issues that relate more to the younger generation of that time. Tre, the main character is obviously the one who is on the right track toward adulthood. He has a job, plans to go to college and, â€Å"most important (as writer-director Singleton sees it, at any rate) he lives with his father'; (Tornquist 1). Brothers Doughboy and Ricky, on the other hand, live with their mother and are not good role models. Doughboy drives a fancy car but doesn’t appear to have a job, and has been in and out of prison. Ricky does a litt...

Challenging environment Essay

Mrs. Dae is a 28 year old Caucasian female. She presents clean and well dressed. She is approximately 5’ 6†, 145 lbs. She appears healthy and in shape. No visible physical deformities. She has normal gate. She is open and cooperative. She has a normal rate of speech and makes appropriate eye contact. Mrs. Dae expresses herself appropriately. In discussing family history, Mrs. Dae has little trouble recalling events. She is unaware of some family history on her father’s side. Mrs. Dae is orientated x 4. She has logical thought process. Mrs. Dae is alert, however, states she has been busy lately and is tired today. She reports getting approximately 6-8 hours of sleep nightly. Mrs. Dae is able to count backward from 100 by 7’s. She displays logical thought processes. No report of hallucinations or delusions. Mrs. Dae appears to have good judgment and insight. She is of high intelligence and is able to appropriately explain the meaning of a common proverb. (â€Å"A rolling stone gathers no moss†) (â€Å"How to†). Mrs. Dae appears happy and confident, with appropriate affect. During the interview Mrs. Dae was relaxed and participated in spontaneous conversation. She denies any suicidal or homicidal ideation. Strengths/ Weaknesses: Mrs. Dae is highly educated. She appears confidant with high self esteem. She reports she enjoys caring for others. She has good insight and appears to have good coping skills. Mrs. Dae has a supportive family. In terms of weaknesses, Mrs. Dae admits to taking on too many activities at once and at times she feels â€Å"burned out†. Family History: Mrs. Dae is the second of three children and grew up in a typical middle class American home. She has an older brother and a younger sister. Mrs. Dae’s parents were divorced when she was 7 years old. Ms. Dae and her siblings lived with their mother. Mrs. Dae reports her father was verbally and physically abusive toward her mother. This was the reason for the divorce. She does not recall being the victim of such abuse herself. However, she reports that her mother tells her that her father was â€Å"mean to all of us† (referring to Ms. Dae, her siblings and mother). Mrs. Dae denies any sexual abuse. Shortly after the divorce, Mrs. Dae reports all three children stopped seeing their father. She currently has no relationship with her father, however she reports speaking to him on the phone occasionally. Aside from these events, Mrs. Dae reports a normal childhood. She reports discipline as a child in the form of â€Å"grounding, which rarely occurred†. Mrs. Dae is currently married. She has been married for the past 8 years. She denies any previous marriages. Ms. Dae describes her marriage as â€Å"good†. She states she and her husband attended marriage counseling for approximately 3 months earlier in their marriage. Mrs. Dae reports that her husband has a well paying job. She denies any current financial hardship. The couple recently bought their first home. She reported some stress during the process. However, she did not think it was â€Å"more then would be expected when buying a home†. Mrs. Dae and her husband have one child, a 5 year old girl. Education and Work: Mrs. Dae graduated high school in the top 10% of her class and went on to college. She majored in psychology and graduated Cum Laude. She continued to earn her Master of Science degree. Mrs. Dae currently works with at risk youth in the prevention and advocacy department of a non-profit company. She has been with her current employer for one year. She reports being satisfied with her job. She states she makes â€Å"good† money and the work she does is rewarding. Mrs. Dae stated she plans on returning to school in the near future for her PhD in Psychology. Her long term goal is to go into private practice serving youth. Mental/ Physical Health: There is no known history of mental illness on her mother’s side of the family. Mrs. Dae reported there may be depression on her father’s side. Mrs. Dae denies any form of depression aside from â€Å"the blues† every now and then. Mrs. Dae reports history of cancer on both sides of her family. Mrs. Dae participates in annual physical examinations. According to her last physical she is in good health. Mrs. Dae denies substance use. She stated she will drink a glass of wine â€Å"once in a while†. Mrs. Dae denies tobacco use. Legal History: Mrs. Dae denies any significant legal history, aside from a few traffic tickets. Social: Mrs. Dae reports she has a group of friends, other married couples, that she and her husband spend time with. She is also a member of her church and participates in social events at the church. As her child recently started attending elementary school, Mrs. Dae stated she has joined the school’s Parent-Teacher Association. Spiritual: Mrs. Dae reports growing up Catholic but she did not go to church often as a child. She states that she no longer practices Catholicism, however, she does go to a non denominational Christian church. She goes to church on a regular basis. She feels strongly about her beliefs. Mrs. Dae reports that she prays on a daily basis and stated â€Å"this keeps me grounded†. Hobbies/Activities: Mrs. Day states she enjoys reading, yoga, and going to the spa with friends. She admits she has little time to spend on these activities. However, she reports that she and her husband give each other time with their friends, time together, and family time on a regular basis. References How to do a Mental Status Exam. Retrieved on November 9, 2007 from http://www.psychpage.com/learning/library/assess/mse.htm

Lord of the Flies Essay

In society there are leaders for examples Presidents and Prime Ministers. These leaders need to have certain characteristics, which include respect, maintaining order, and to protect the people. When these leaders start to ignore their responsibilities the society starts to get uncontrollable and mistakes will happen. For an example when leaders ignore protection and safety their actions undermine the groups ability to function, also when leaders ignore respect their actions undermine the groups ability to function. All of this happens in the story written by William Golding Lord of the Flies. All in all when leaders ignore their responsibilities their actions undermine the groups ability to function. To begin, when leaders ignore respect their actions undermine the groups ability to function. When Ralph gets assigned Chief by a vote he makes the rules where some of Jacks choir boys will go hunting and some watch the fire so it does not go out. When Ralph and Jack got into a fight about how Jack does not help out the group with their hunting, and how they are just wasting time because they barely catch a pig or any food for the group he disrespects them: â€Å"Boys armed with sticks.† (Golding,127) This shows that Ralph does not really care for them and their skills that they seem to have according to Jack. After Ralph had said this Jack left the group and asked anybody who wanted to join him could do so if they wanted to. After Jack left with his group him and Ralph are always fighting now but one occasion it gets a little out of hand: â€Å"You’re a beast and a swine you bloody, bloody thief!† (Golding,177) After Ralph said this it made Jack furious he stole Piggys glasses for fire for themselves instead of asking for it he just took it. After this was said Jack also killed Piggy. Ralph being leader and ignoring respect undermines the groups ability to function. As leader, Jack also fails to respect people and keep peace. Jack disobeys Ralphs orders to have to choir boys watch the fire because Jack feels that they need the men to hunt and not get rescued. When the fire went out it could of saved them in that time frame as a symbol of help but he decides to disrespect Ralph and not listen to his orders: â€Å"We had to have them in the hunt.† (Golding,69) After Ralph confronted Jack about the fire going out he refused that he was wrong although he knew he disobeyed Ralphs orders, which in the end could of resulted in getting rescued by the boat that drove by. Now Jack in his own group decided that they need to attack Ralphs camp and steal Piggys specs so they can have fire instead of just asking him: â€Å"Ralph remember what we came for. The fire. My specs.† (Golding,161) Jack invaded Ralphs camp here to steal Piggys glasses to have fire. As Jack said that he came for fire and that the specs were his, although the specs are Piggys. Piggy even asked Jack to give back his glasses but he refused and killed Piggy. Jack is just disrespecting Piggy and Ralph here not listening to them at all. Jack refusal to have respect undermines the groups ability to function. Both boys, clearly fail in their responsibility to have respect. Ralph being voted leader should have respect for others and enforce it instead of ignoring it, having thee problems caused the group to fall apart. Jack on the other intentionally disrespected everybody in the group to get what he wanted . In both cases, however, when leaders ignore respect, their actions undermine the groups ability to function. To begin, when leaders ignore protection and safety their actions undermine ability to function. Ralph being the leader of the group tries to keep it safe for everyone to live so he decides that they need to make shelters for the group. Ralph is trying to make the shelters for everyone but no one will help him except Simon because he failed to maintain order from everyone: â€Å"But you like it!†¦You want to hunt! While I-† (Golding,125) Ralph is clearly upset here with Jack of how he wont help them make the shelters while they go out and hunt for pigs. Ralph not being able to control the group early on had failed him now, since no one will listen to him they have a lack of safety due to them not have shelters for them sleep in. Also at camp the boys have to sleep in the dark one night when the fire burned out: â€Å"We cant get any more wood Ralph not in the dark not at night† (Golding, 125) As shown here there is a lack of protection due to not having the fire at night because it resembles hope. That night they had no hope they had fear. The fear of darkness was scaring the littluns and some others to go in the forest to get wood to keep the fire burning. Jack also fails in his responsibility to keep it safe and protected. During the storm when everybody was dancing, Simon was walking to all the boys and Jack thought he was the beast and went to attack him: â€Å"Kill the beast! Cut his throat! Spill his blood! Do him in!† (Golding,141) Jack is not having safety for the group because he is getting them to kill a human who they think is the beast which is not. After they killed Simon they realised how small the beast was and the found out that it was Simon. Jack saying â€Å"Kill the beast! Cut his throat! Spill his blood! Do him in!† got the group all hyped up and not paying attention who or what the beast was and they just acted and attacked it. After Jack killed Piggy and killed the conch, he attacked Ralph and saying he is the new chief: â€Å"See? See? There isn’t a tribe anymore! The conch is gone†¦ Im Chief† (Golding, 181) Jack is furious here just after he killed Piggy he threatened Ralph that he would do the same. Jack is totally ignoring safety and protection is actually doing the complete opposite ignoring it a killing other people in his tribe. When Jack ignored his responsibility to maintain protection and safety it undermines the groups ability to function. Both boys, clearly fail in keeping the island safe and protected. Ralph tried to protect the group but since he joked around when he was first chief no one took him serious when he needed them to help. Jack totally ignored safety and did the opposite he tortured people, and also killed people. In both cases, however, when leaders ignore their responsibilities to maintain safety and protection it undermines the groups ability to function. In conclusion, when leaders ignore their responsibilities their actions undermine the groups ability to function. When leaders ignore protection and safety their actions undermine the groups ability to function, also when leaders ignore respect their actions undermine the groups ability to function. If all of this happened in our life, we would all become epic fails, just like how everyone did in this book.

HEA320 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

HEA320 - Essay Example reform policy revolves around the governments effort to achieve social justice by reducing inequality in the manner by which Americans access care and quality provided for such services. It is a costly initiative but the government is overhauling the system in order to save cost and sustain it so it can be viable in the long term. The health policy - as mandated by the law - provide individual states with the power to design their respective models, tailored according to their individual circumstances. This is not really surprising because: 1) states have been active players in health reform; and, 2) the health reform law is full of state obligations as well as opportunities for state innovation (Teitelbaum, and Wilensky, 180). What this means is that policies may differ from state to state especially in the inclusion of immigrants especially those who are undocumented. The health care policy seeks to provide care to citizens and the service, among others within the welfare area, are withheld to illegal immigrants in many states like

Every Child Matters Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Every Child Matters - Essay Example This funding is also critical to deliver extra training for existing teachers and new comers. ECM has helped to transform opportunities for younger children through better access to childcare, health, early year education and support for families including parenting support. (Handle, 2008, 135)Proposals for the programme are developed and the Secretary of state David Blunkett announced that the first 60 areas of disadvantage had been identified to lead the projects. identify at least one significant initiative related to ECM and consider how the ECM programme would fit and contribute to the locally agreed strategies for social services, health and education, as set out in early years development plan and others. As a condition of funding existing core services have to participate in the ECM programme. (Kleinfeld, 2005, 70) ECM is used as a new way for setting inter agency and inter departmental working , aiming to breakdown barriers that prevent families receiving the co-ordinated services they needed. With focus on outreach and building trust with parents who were not in receipt of services and may have not come forward for help and advice. Every Child Matters presents an opportunity to consider the health and social care needs of those communities and aided in the development for appropriate delivery mechanisms that were in particular culturally sensitive. ECM aimed to bridge the gap between specialised and more general services for eg; Child mental health professionals trained staff so they could work with families where a child had early signs of emotional and behavioural problems thus preventing more serious problems at a later stage. This kind of service is complementary to work to So cial Services not a replacement. In the first three years the programme will support the development of 250 projects, with an aim to develop effective and co-ordinated

Please answer each one with a short papragraph Assignment

Please answer each one with a short papragraph - Assignment Example From the Colleen Barrett speech, one learns that as a leader a manager should look after his or her employees. The employees’ needs and problems are also the leader’s concern. A leader should be patient and understanding towards the employees. As a leader, the best way to implement servant leadership is through empathy. The manager should learn to understand what the employee goes through and provide them with support both physically and psychologically. Dr. Clayton Christensen gave three questions, which a student should ask himself or herself while planning to start a career. First, how can a student be sure he or she will be happy with the chosen career? Second, how can one know that his or her relationship with both the spouse and family become an enduring source of joy? Finally, how can a person be sure he or she will stay out of prison? Dr. Clayton Christensen’s personal questions enable one to evaluate him or herself based on career choice, relationships and moral values. Based on careers self evaluation, the advice ensures identification of the best career, which is also satisfactory. His recommendations also assist in analysing and knowing how to deal with human relationships especially between spouses and family. The last advice rules assists in straightening moral values. An individual can implement the following recommendations by choosing a suitable career, maintaining proper relationships and having agreeable va lues. Microsoft excel is one of the many Microsoft packages that assist in data input and presentation. As a beginner, the video tutorials assist in learning more about the program. The tutorial trains users on how the format works and how to enter data into the spreadsheet. Secondly, the tutorial informs the user on how to easily add more rows and columns to a table without worrying about updating formula references and filter settings.

Applied Construction Management Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Applied Construction Management - Coursework Example The car park will have the entrance the exit gates which will all face the main road. The entrance to the car parking will be from the side of Ragian Road with the exit being placed on the side of Rampart Road. The parking for the disabled people will be on the ground floor and to the left side of the entrance. The parking for other people will be on towards the right of the entrance and they will be able to park from the second to the third floor. Additionally, the car park will have surveillance cameras that will be placed on both the entrance towards Ragian and at the exit towards the Rampart road. Other surveillance cameras will be place at each parking section with the control room located at the third floor of the building (Oyedele, Ajayi and Kadiri, 2014). The building will have four floors. The last floor will act as offices for executives and other people. The car park apartment will be painted blue green which are the company colours. Barriers will also be placed at the entrance and the exit to control traffic as well as acting as security control. The barriers will be manned by the personnel at the control room as well as the personnel located at both the entrance and the exit. The painting will be done by the Solai painters with the lighting system being conducted by the Harold lights. The lighting system will be fixed to all floors as well as the parking sections. The lighting system will be raised to ensure that all the area in the park is well lit. The other issue that the contractor will take care of is the signage that will be located on the various sections of the park with an aim of giving direction to the people who will be visiting the park (Bennett and Ormerod, 2011). The park will have signs that will show directions a s well as the points of services. The contactor will ensure that the work

Psychology Behind Supreme Court Case Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Psychology Behind Supreme Court Case - Essay Example was in the business of vending drugs in the school premises. After conducting this search and accruing much incriminating and objectionable evidence in the purse of T.L.O., the vice principal contacted the appropriate authorities and T.L.O. was subsequently arrested by them. T.L.O. sought to suppress the evidence recovered by the school authorities at her trial, claiming that this violated her Fourth Amendment rights pertaining to unreasonable search. The school authorities did say that they had a reasonable reason to conduct this search. Hence T.L.O.’s motion was totally denied by the concerned court and this evidence recovered by the school authorities was declared admissible in the court of law. Following her conviction on the basis of the evidence recovered by school authorities from her purse, T.L.O. appealed against her in the New Jersey Supreme Court, citing the same reason that the search conducted by the school authorities violated her Fourth Amendment Rights (Slobogin 207). The New Jersey Supreme Court concluded that the search was indeed unreasonable and consequently reversed the conviction of T.L.O., setting her free. The state of New Jersey appealed against the reversal of T.L.O.’s conviction in the US Supreme Court. The US Su preme Court ruled in favor of the State of New Jersey, by a resounding margin of 6-3, declaring that the search conducted by the school authorities was valid and thereby the exclusionary principle did not apply to the evidence presented against T.L.O. While delving on the psychology behind this Supreme Case, it does need to be mentioned that the Supreme Court thoroughly considered the claims of all the stakeholders in this particular case. The honorable Court did say that the students in the high school do have the right of privacy against unreasonable search as enshrined in the Fourth Amendment. Yet, the court did acknowledge that when it comes to the constitutional rights of the children and